Learn Greek 🏺
Γεια πώς είσαι? 👋 ! Here’s our curated content for training your passive understanding of the language.
Instructions (tap to open)
⏰ Time spent here also counts towards your streak.
Language competency consists of active vocabulary, but also passive vocabulary and natural pattern recognition. Train essential listening skills, understand grammar and morphing patterns.
Knowing Basic Phrases allows you to stay in the language instead of switching to English. Listening-Reading videos is a comfortable yet intense training of your listening skills. It also allows you to explore the country through videos.
If you want to really be comfortable, have lessons. What makes Lingophant unique is that you can create your 100% personalised vocabulary from conversations. 45 minutes per week with a friend or a teacher is already enough input for a constant stream of engaging sentences to practice between lessons.
📔 Basic Phrases
These phrases are the perfect point of departure for serious learners. They help you stay in the language, without needing to switch to English. And you internalize patterns.
Unlock them one-by-one in the app, and memorize them from the “Practice” tab.
This is just to get you started. For personalized phrases, we recommend sessions of 45 minutes with a native speaker.
- Know 300 phrases and you can make jokes and impress people
- Know 600 phrases and you can hold basic conversations
- Know 1000 phrases and you start communicating effortlessly
And because of working with audio, you’ll get compliments on your pronunciation a lot. We promise!
🎧 Train your listening skills with proper documentaries
We have selected enjoyable documentaries and reportage channels. Watch them, listen to the language, and build a natural intuition. Some polyglots swear by this method — 30 minutes a day builds working proficiency.
euronews (στα ελληνικά) (146k subs)
euronews (στα ελληνικά) (view channel) – Καλώς ήρθατε στο επίσημο κανάλι του Euronews στο YouTube!
CNN Greece (100k subs)
CNN Greece (view channel) – Προτεραιότητα στα γεγονότα. #CNNgr
The Press Project (98k subs)
The Press Project (view channel) – Το ThePressProject.gr ιδρύθηκε το 2010 και βρίσκεται σήμερα στην 4η έκδοση του. O στόχος του παραμένει σταθερός από την ίδρυσή του: η αναζήτηση στην πράξη για το ποια μπορεί να είναι η νέα δημοσιογραφία των πολιτών και ποια η νέα πολιτεία των δημοσιογράφων.
- ΑΝΑΣΚΟΠΗΣΗ S09E19: ΤΕΜΠΗ (> 118k views)
- ΑΝΑΣΚΟΠΗΣΗ S07E16: #MeToo (με ελλ. υπότιτλους) (> 85k views)
- ΑΝΑΣΚΟΠΗΣΗ S09E31: ΤΟΥΡΙΣΜΟΣ (> 62k views)
- ΑΝΑΣΚΟΠΗΣΗ S11E07: ΜΕΤΡΟ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΗΣ (> 55k views)
- ΑΝΑΣΚΟΠΗΣΗ S09E20: ΙΔΙΩΤΙΚΟΠΟΙΗΣΗ ΝΕΡΟΥ (> 53k views)
- ΑΝΑΣΚΟΠΗΣΗ S09E09: ΠΑΡΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΗΣΕΙΣ ΙΙ (> 48k views)
- ΑΝΑΣΚΟΠΗΣΗ S10E24: ΓΥΝΑΙΚΟΚΤΟΝΙΕΣ (> 40k views)
- ΑΝΑΣΚΟΠΗΣΗ S09E04: ΑΥΤΟΒΟΗΘΕΙΑ (> 62k views)
- ΑΝΑΣΚΟΠΗΣΗ S11Ε25: ΟΠΕΚΕΠΕ (> 72k views)
- Το TPP σε αποστολή έρευνας & διάσωσης προσφύγων στην Κεντρική Μεσόγειο – 182 διασωθέντες σε 14 ώρες (> 4k views)
- Pavol Szalai – Ρεπόρτερ Χωρίς Σύνορα: Γιατί η Ελλάδα είναι 108η στην κατάταξη Ελευθερίας του Τύπου (> 2k views)
- Στο TPP ο επιζών του ναυαγίου της Πύλου Άχμαντ – «Μας ρυμούλκησαν και παραποίησαν την κατάθεσή μου» (> 2k views)
- Επίθεση φασιστών στο Μοναστηράκι: Δύο συλληφθείσες-θύματα της επίθεσης μιλούν στο TPP (> 4k views)
- Αποστολή του TPP στη Γροιλανδία: «Ζούμε στη σκοτεινή Αποικιοκρατία» (> 14k views)
- 3ο ΘΕΜΑ: Προσβασιμότητα κωφών – «Οι κωφοί υπάρχουμε, είμαστε εδώ» – Συζήτηση με την Όλγα Δαλέκου (> 2k views)
News247gr (52k subs)
News247gr (view channel) – Το επίσημο κανάλι του NEWS 24/7 στο YouTube.
- Οικογένεια Πλακιά: “Αυτό το γιατί θα μας συνοδεύει μέχρι το τέλος της ζωής μας” (> 445k views)
- Κύπρος 1974-2024: Οι Άνθρωποι που δεν ξέχασαν (> 161k views)
- Γράμμος: Οι τελευταίοι πολιτικοί πρόσφυγες του Εμφυλίου | NEWS 24/7 (> 131k views)
- Δημοψήφισμα 2015 – Η ανατομία μιας ιστορικής στιγμής (> 90k views)
- Μαστοροχώρια Κόνιτσας: Τα πανέμορφα κρυμμένα χωριά της Ηπείρου (> 82k views)
- 80 Χρόνια Σαββόπουλος (> 65k views)
- Ρομά στο TikTok: Πώς η ζωή τους έγινε viral (> 52k views)
- Οδοιπορικό στη Ροδόπη: Η ζωή δεν σταματά στις εκλογές | NEWS 24/7 (> 10k views)
Σάββας Καλεντερίδης (223k subs)
Σάββας Καλεντερίδης (view channel) – Ο Σάββας Καλεντερίδης είναι πρώην αξιωματικός του Ελληνικού στρατού και της Εθνικής Υπηρεσίας Πληροφοριών, συγγραφέας, εκδότης, αρθρογράφος, blogger, vlogger και γεωπολιτικός αναλυτής.
- Εισβολή Χαμάς: Γιατί “αποκοιμήθηκαν” Μοσάντ και Shin Bet; (7-10-2023) (> 126k views)
- Γιατί διέγραψε τον Σαμαρά ο Μητσοτάκης; (16-11-2024) (> 94k views)
- Σάββας Καλεντερίδης: Φιάσκο διαρκείας τα 12 μίλια για την Ελλάδα (5-1-2023) + Eng Subs (> 53k views)
- Ανάλυση: Η Διακήρυξη της Αθήνας και ο ρόλος του τουρκικού κράτους (8-12-2023) (> 45k views)
- Τούρκος ναύαρχος ε.α.: Αναπόφευκτο πεπρωμένο να επικρατήσουμε σε Αιγαίο-Αν. Μεσόγειο (27-2-2024) (> 61k views)
- Ορατός ο κίνδυνος πυρηνικού πολέμου στην Ουκρανία (6-5-2024) (> 48k views)
- Κύπρος: Σοβαρότατη κρίση στην Εθνική Φρουρά (4-7-2024) (> 48k views)
- Για τον αμύθητο πλούτο του Ντονμπάς ο πόλεμος στην Ουκρανία (31-8-2024) (> 55k views)
- Η Συρία αλλάζει σελίδα – Κερδισμένοι και χαμένοι (8-12-2024) (> 102k views)
- Τι συνέβη με τον Μενέντεζ και την παραίτησή του (23-9-2023) (> 51k views)
- «Γάζωσε» το ελληνικό antidrone της φρεγάτας «ΨΑΡΑ» (> 42k views)
- Πρόδωσε ο Οτζαλάν τον αγώνα των Κούρδων; (30-12-2024) (> 54k views)
Πρακτική Σκέψη (166k subs)
Πρακτική Σκέψη (view channel) – 🔴 Γεια σας! Η Πρακτική Σκέψη είναι κανάλι στο Youtube που υπάρχει από το 2017. Το κανάλι ασχολείται με την μελέτη/κατανόηση της Ιστορίας και της Γεωπολιτικής-Γεωγραφίας. Η Πρακτική Σκέψη έχει σκοπό τον διαμοιρασμό της γνώσης ελεύθερα στους ανθρώπους, με στόχο τον εκδημοκρατισμό της γνώσης 🙂
- Γιατί η Τουρκία Θέλει Ελληνικά Νησιά; (> 417k views)
- Γιατί η Κύπρος Δεν Είναι Ελληνική; (> 190k views)
- Τι Απέγιναν Οι Στρατηγοί Της Επανάστασης Του 1821; (> 178k views)
- Τι Απέγιναν Οι Εβραίοι Της Ελλάδας; (> 164k views)
- Πως Το Κράτος Κατέστρεψε Την Ολυμπιακή; (> 165k views)
- Πως η Ελλάδα Καταστράφηκε Στην Κατοχή; (> 133k views)
- Τι Απέγιναν Οι Πόντιοι Αντάρτες Που Λύγισαν Την Οθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία (> 64k views)
- Δωσίλογοι: Οι Έλληνες Σύμμαχοι Των Γερμανών (> 61k views)
- Το Ψέμα Του Ελληνικού Τουρισμού (> 168k views)
- Πως η Κίνα Νικάει Το Δολάριο Μέσω Της Ελλάδας; (> 154k views)
Onassis Foundation (84k subs)
Onassis Foundation (view channel) – Δημιουργούμε τις συνθήκες, αναζητούμε τις ιδέες και πυροδοτούμε τις συζητήσεις που οδηγούν σε μια καλύτερη κοινωνία
Μικρασιάτης (24k subs)
Μικρασιάτης (view channel) – Mikrasiatis – Δίκτυο Μικρασιάτης
newsbomb.gr (80k subs)
newsbomb.gr (view channel) – Η δύναμη στην ενημέρωση. #Newsbombgr
Μαύρο Χρήμα (66k subs)
Μαύρο Χρήμα (view channel) – Τί οὖν ἐστι τὸ ταράσσον καὶ καταπλήττον τοὺς πολλούς; Ὁ τύραννος καὶ οἱ δορυφόροι; πόθεν;
Theodoros Maragos (12k subs)
Theodoros Maragos (view channel) – Το επίσημο κανάλι στο YouTube του σκηνοθέτη, σεναριογράφου και συγγραφέα Θόδωρου Μαραγκού.
Thessaloniki International Film Festival (13k subs)
Thessaloniki International Film Festival (view channel) – The official YouTube channel of the largest cinema institution in Greece, the Thessaloniki International Film Festival, including not only TIFF but also the Thessaloniki Documentary Festival, a rich annual activity and the Cinema Museum of Thessaloniki. Join us for masterclasses, interviews, Q&As, press conferences, trailers and much more!
- SPACES #2 | 7 films inspired by the book “Species of Spaces” by G. Perec and the days of quarantine (> 12k views)
- #TIFF64 ICONIC TALKS BY MASTERCARD (> 3k views)
- TIFF63 | AGORA SERIES Panel Discussion: The Modern Greek Drama – Setting the local scene: Content (> 2k views)
- #TIFF62 | IN THE CUT: EDITING AND ITS SECRETS | YORGOS MAVROPSARIDIS • THE BRAIN IS THE SCREEN (> 2k views)
- TiDF25 | History in images: Potential and Exceedance (discussion with Stathis Kalyvas) (> 636 views)
- TiDF25 | Discussion: “Ethical Dilemmas in the making of Documentaries” (> 522 views)
- #TIFF63 | TIME TO ACT: A TRIBUTE TO ACTING ON CAMERA | THEMIS BAZAKA (> 667 views)
- #TIFF65 | MUSIC IN MOTION: SCORING A LIFE BETWEEN HOLLYWOOD AND GREECE | KOSTAS CHRISTIDES (> 95 views)
- #TIFF66 | CONTRARY TO EXPECTATION | NIKOS PANAYOTOPOULOS (> 57 views)
- #TIFF66 | MOVIE STUNTS – INTRODUCTION TO THE EXCITING WORLD OF CINEMATIC ACTION (> 76 views)
🎧 Train listening with weird popular YouTube videos
It’s like zapping TV through another linguistic and cultural universe. Watch what native speakers watch. We hope you find something interesting.
- Η ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑ ΜΑΣ| LUBEN EDIT (> 49k views) – channel: AmiYiamiTube (> 377k subs)
- ΜΑΡΙΝΑ ΠΑΣ ΚΑΛΑ; || Πέμπτο επεισόδιο (> 25k views) – channel: Vladis Brando (> 360k subs)
- ΕΙΜΑΣΤΕ ΣΤΗ Γ’ ΕΘΝΙΚΗ! | Α.Ο. Παύλος Μελάς – ΜΠΑΜ FC (3η αγ. Play-offs) (> 105k views) – channel: ΜΠΑΜ FC (> 222k subs)
- ΣΧΟΛΙΚΕΣ ΕΚΔΡΟΜΕΣ ΓΙΑ ΚΛΑΜΑΤΑ ~ persad (> 178k views) – channel: persad (> 334k subs)
- Ο TRANNOS ΠΗΡΕ ΤΟ ΑΚΡΙΒΟΤΕΡΟ CHAIN ΣΤΗΝ ΕΛΛΑΔΑ (> 330k views) – channel: ItsOnlySkillz (> 799k subs)
- Το Καλύτερο Χειριστήριο Της Αγοράς; | Steam Controller Review (> 21k views) – channel: InFeRnoBraVeHeart (> 269k subs)
- ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ τους ΜΠΑΜΠΟΥΛΕΣ ΠΑΝΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΙΟΥ (> 36k views) – channel: NeverLander (> 433k subs)
- Λίγο πρίν την βάφτιση!! 🥹👶🏼 (> 35k views) – channel: Karolina Adamou (> 22k subs)
- ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΤΙΚΟ live || ΤΡΙΤΗ 02 – ΙΟΥΝΙΟΥ – 2026 || (> 17k views) – channel: AlertTV.gr (> 180k subs)
- Μόνο Street Food Για 24 Ώρες Στην Βαρκελώνη! (> 120k views) – channel: Giannelis (> 408k subs)
- Έκανα το Φορτηγό Πισίνα (> 110k views) – channel: Nikitas (> 189k subs)
- Ελάτε ΜΑΖΙ μου στην ΚΥΠΡΟ … (> 87k views) – channel: PanosDent (> 755k subs)
- Barbie στις 12 Βασιλοπούλες 👑🩰🌟 I Πλήρης Ταινία | Barbie Ελληνικά (> 54k views) – channel: Barbie Ελληνικά (> 171k subs)
- Η ΛΥΤΡΩΣΗ και η επόμενη μέρα για Ολυμπιακό & Παναθηναϊκό | EuroLeague Legends by Stoiximan (> 246k views) – channel: Eurohoops Greece (> 95k subs)
- Νέο επεισόδιο! | Django Unchained (Django, ο Τιμωρός – 2012) brOscar #66@MikeiusOfficial (FIX) (> 74k views) – channel: JUMPCUT (> 62k subs)
- ΒΡΗΚΑΜΕ ΤΟ ΛΕΩΦΟΡΕΙΟ ΜΕ ΟΛΟΥΣ ΤΟΥΣ RONALDO ΣΤΗΝ ΑΛΗΘΙΝΗ ΖΩΗ! (> 1.55m views) – channel: GL SHOW – GL ARMY (> 4.68m subs)
- Ολυμπιακός – Ρεάλ Μαδρίτης: 92-85 (Championship EuroLeague, 24/05/2026) (> 444k views) – channel: Novasports.gr (> 362k subs)
- Παρί Σ. Ζ. – Άρσεναλ 1 – 1 | Highlights – UEFA Champions League 2025/26 – 30/05/2026 | COSMOTE SPORT (> 190k views) – channel: COSMOTE TV (> 487k subs)
- Δυο νέα τέλη στα ακίνητα από το 2027 – Ποια ακίνητα επιβαρύνονται (> 53k views) – channel: ΕΡΤ Α.Ε. (> 727k subs)
- Oι ΕΙΚΟΝΕΣ με τον Τάσο Δούση ταξιδεύουν στην Κύπρο – Μέρος 1ο (> 57k views) – channel: Tasos Dousis (> 216k subs)
🧑🏫 Grammar overview in 9 chapters
Below is an overview of the most important grammar topics. Each chapter has a short explanation and recommended videos.
While memorizing phrases, you’ll likely recognize patterns from grammar. You can add a note or question to a card and get it answered next time you’re with a teacher.
Noun Gender & Articles A1
Every Greek noun belongs to one of three genders — masculine, feminine, or neuter — and this gender controls the form of the article that goes with it. The definite articles are ο (masculine), η (feminine), and το (neuter), while the indefinite articles are ένας, μία/μια, and ένα. For example, ο άντρας (the man), η γυναίκα (the woman), το παιδί (the child). Greek almost always uses the definite article, even before names and abstract nouns, so you will hear it constantly: η Μαρία πίνει καφέ (Maria is drinking coffee).
The fastest way to lock in gender is to always learn every new noun together with its article as a single chunk — never learn just καφές, always learn ο καφές. As you use the app, treat the article as part of the word itself. Once you internalise this, you will be able to match adjectives and verbs correctly, understand which word a pronoun refers to, and sound natural rather than robotic in everyday exchanges.
- Ask a Greek Teacher – How Can I Tell the Gender of a Noun? – Learn Greek with GreekPod101.com: Directly addresses how to identify noun gender in Modern Greek with clear explanations suited for A1 beginners, backed by strong view count.
- Greek Articles Explained! – All You Need To Know – Greekified : Covers both definite and indefinite Greek articles across all three genders in a structured, beginner-friendly format within an ideal duration.
- GREEK Super easy lesson | Nouns and Articles in greek – Do You Speak Greek?: Combines nouns and articles together with practical examples and a free PDF resource, making it a thorough reference for A1 learners despite being at the upper duration limit.
Present Tense Verb Conjugation A1
Greek verbs change their ending to show who is doing the action, so subject pronouns (εγώ, εσύ, αυτός etc.) are optional and often dropped. Verbs split into two main groups based on their stress and endings: Group 1 verbs like μιλάω/μιλώ (to speak) and Group 2 like αγαπώ (to love) follow distinct but highly regular patterns. For example, μιλάω, μιλάς, μιλάει, μιλάμε, μιλάτε, μιλάνε. Because the ending already signals the subject, you can say simply πάμε! to mean ‘let’s go!’ without any pronoun at all.
A practical strategy is to learn each new verb with its εγώ (I) and αυτός/αυτή (he/she) forms first, since those two cover the majority of sentences you will produce and hear. Noticing stress patterns is key — the accent often shifts across the conjugation, and your ear will pick this up through repetition in the app. Mastering the present tense lets you talk about habits, ongoing actions, and intentions, handling the bulk of casual conversation from the very beginning.
- Greek Verbs explained in 10 MINUTES (Group A) Greek with Linguatree – Linguatree ~ Slow Greek Videos: Clearly explains Group A verb conjugation with plenty of examples and a structured approach, making it ideal for A1 learners getting to grips with present tense endings.
- A complete guide to the PRESENT TENSE of Modern greek │ ACTIVE VERBS – Crazy for greek: Concise 5-minute guide that covers the present tense across both verb groups, giving beginners a compact overview of how Greek verb endings work.
- GREEK Basics: How To Conjugate A Greek Verb – Greekified: Beginner-friendly walkthrough of present tense verb conjugation that explains the mechanics of changing endings for each pronoun, suitable for A1 learners.
Noun Cases: Nominative & Accusative A1
Greek nouns change their form depending on their role in a sentence. The nominative case marks the subject (who does the action) and the accusative marks the direct object (who receives it). For masculine nouns this change is very visible: ο φίλος (the friend, subject) becomes τον φίλο (the friend, object) — Ο φίλος βλέπει τον φίλο (The friend sees the friend). For feminine and neuter nouns the change is smaller but still affects the article: η γυναίκα → τη γυναίκα, το παιδί stays το παιδί. The accusative is also used after most common prepositions like σε (to/in), με (with), and για (for).
A useful trick is to focus on the article change first — ο/η/το for subjects and τον/τη(ν)/το for objects — before worrying about noun endings. Since prepositions like σε and για are everywhere in daily speech, recognising accusative forms will click quickly through exposure. Once you control nominative and accusative, you can construct clear sentences with subjects, verbs, and objects, ask and answer questions, and navigate preposition phrases covering location, purpose, and company.
- Greek cases | Nominative or Accusative? | Do You Speak Greek? – Do You Speak Greek?: Directly targets modern Greek nominative and accusative cases for learners, with a clear, practical focus at an appropriate beginner level and duration.
- Greek NOMINATIVE and ACCUSATIVE forms | Step by Step #082 – My Greek Diary: Walks beginners through Greek nouns step by step with a structured 6-stage approach, making the nominative and accusative cases easy to understand with good view count to back its quality.
- Greek grammar lesson: Nominative and accusative cases in Greek – The Online Greek Tutor: A concise tutor-led explanation of exactly these two cases in modern Greek, ideal for A1 learners who need clear guidance on a foundational grammar topic.
Personal Pronouns & Possessives A1
Greek has two sets of pronouns to know early on: the strong (independent) pronouns like εγώ, εσύ, αυτός/αυτή/αυτό used for emphasis or contrast, and the weak (clitic) pronouns like με, σε, τον/την/το that attach closely to verbs as object pronouns. Possession is expressed with short possessive words placed after the noun: το βιβλίο μου (my book), η τσάντα σου (your bag), το σπίτι του/της (his/her house). Crucially, the possessive takes the article of the noun it belongs to, not of the owner.
The clitic pronouns are the trickier part, but they appear so frequently in conversation that you will absorb them fast if you pay attention to short phrases like με λένε (they call me / my name is) or σε βλέπω (I see you). Treat these mini-phrases as chunks first, then analyse the pattern. Once comfortable, you can talk about what belongs to whom, address people directly, and handle common requests and responses — all essential building blocks for real dialogue.
- Introduction to the Greek Personal Pronouns – Προσωπικές αντωνυμίες – Learn Greek with Lina: Highly viewed introductory lesson that explicitly covers both strong and weak (clitic) personal pronouns with structured explanation, making it ideal for A1 learners.
- Greek grammar | Personal Pronouns | Οι προσωπικές αντωνυμίες | Do you speak Greek – Do You Speak Greek?: A concise, beginner-friendly video that clearly lists and explains all Greek personal pronouns with translations, perfect for A1 learners building foundational knowledge.
- Possessive pronouns – It’s mine! – Languages with Stalo: Structured lesson on Greek possessive pronouns with examples and a free PDF resource, complementing the personal pronouns videos by covering the possessive side of the topic.
Adjective Agreement A2
In Greek, adjectives must agree with the noun they describe in gender, number, and case. This means the same adjective takes different forms depending on the noun: ένας μεγάλος καφές (a big coffee, masc.), μια μεγάλη πόλη (a big city, fem.), ένα μεγάλο σπίτι (a big house, neut.). Adjectives almost always come before the noun, and if the noun has a definite article, the adjective sits between the article and the noun: ο μεγάλος καφές. The three-way gender split means you effectively learn three forms for each adjective, but the endings follow very predictable patterns: -ος / -η / -ο and -ύς / -ιά / -ύ being the two most common.
Rather than memorising isolated adjective tables, practise adjectives inside full noun phrases — always as ο ωραίος καιρός or η ωραία μέρα, never the adjective alone. Your ear will start to flag when an ending sounds ‘wrong’ after enough exposure. The payoff is significant: you can describe people, places, food, and feelings with colour and precision, making your Greek sound immediately more expressive and natural rather than telegraphic.
- Adjectives in Greek│Grammar, Level A1 – greek2go by Rita Dana: Directly targets beginner learners of Modern Greek, covers adjective categories and agreement with gender, making it highly relevant for A2 learners studying adjective agreement.
- Adjectives in Greek – Languages with Stalo: Provides a structured overview of Modern Greek adjective groups and their declension across genders and cases, directly supporting the adjective agreement topic at an accessible level.
Verb Aspect & the Simple Past (Aorist) A2
Greek verbs carry a grammatical feature called aspect that English lacks: every verb has an imperfective stem (for ongoing or repeated actions) and a perfective stem (for completed, one-off actions). The simple past tense, called the aorist, is built on the perfective stem and is the main way to narrate things that happened: έφαγα (I ate), πήγα (I went), είπε (he/she said). Forming the aorist often involves a stem change plus the past endings -α, -ες, -ε, -αμε, -ατε, -αν, and many common verbs have irregular perfective stems that simply need to be memorised.
The most effective approach is to learn high-frequency verbs in paired present–past chunks: πάω / πήγα (go/went), λέω / είπα (say/said), τρώω / έφαγα (eat/ate). Hearing these pairs in the app’s example sentences will make the stem shifts feel intuitive faster than studying tables. Controlling the aorist opens up storytelling and recounting — you can explain what happened, why you are somewhere, and what someone said, which transforms your conversations from present-tense-only exchanges into genuine narratives.
- Introduction to the Aorist in Ancient Greek – jeremy f. hultin: Directly introduces the aorist tense in Greek with the highest view count among relevant candidates, suggesting it is a clear and accessible explanation for learners.
- Greek for the Street: 5c imperfect vs aorist – Duncan Forbes: Contrasts the imperfect and aorist tenses to highlight verbal aspect differences, which is exactly the conceptual distinction A2 learners need to grasp.
- YTU Greek 2 – Lesson 4 Part 2: The Aorist Tense – Jennifer Snook: A concise 6-minute structured lesson on the aorist tense, well-suited in length and level for beginner-to-intermediate Greek learners.
The Particle ‘να’ & Modal Expressions A2
One of the most distinctive features of Greek is the particle να, which introduces subordinate verb phrases the way ‘to’ does in English infinitives — but crucially, the verb after να is fully conjugated. Να appears in constructions meaning want, can, must, should, and let’s: θέλω να πάω (I want to go), μπορώ να σε βοηθήσω (I can help you), πρέπει να φύγουμε (we must leave), ας πάμε (let’s go). The verb after να takes the perfective stem for a single/completed action or the imperfective stem for ongoing/habitual meaning, so aspect matters here too.
Since θέλω να…, μπορώ να…, and πρέπει να… are sentence-starters you will use dozens of times a day, learn them as fixed opening chunks and slot different verbs after them. Notice whether the speaker uses an imperfective or perfective stem after να — this distinction carries real meaning and your intuition will build through repeated encounters. Mastering να unlocks your ability to express wishes, possibilities, obligations, and suggestions, essentially giving you the tools to negotiate, plan, and persuade in everyday Greek.
Genitive Case: Possession & Relationships B1
The genitive case in Greek expresses possession, origin, and relationships between nouns — roughly equivalent to ‘of’ or the English apostrophe-s. It is formed by changing the noun ending and its article: ο φίλος → του φίλου (of the friend), η μητέρα → της μητέρας (of the mother), το παιδί → του παιδιού (of the child). In speech the genitive noun typically follows the thing it belongs to: το αυτοκίνητο του Γιώργη (George’s car), η τιμή του εισιτηρίου (the price of the ticket). The genitive is also used after certain common phrases like κοντά στο (near) and χωρίς (without, which takes accusative — a useful contrast).
Focus first on the article changes — του for masculine and neuter, της for feminine — since these signal the genitive loud and clear even before you’ve processed the noun ending. Practising with names and family vocabulary (η μαμά μου, το σπίτι της Άννας) gives immediate, memorable anchors. Once you command the genitive, you can talk about ownership, describe where something comes from, read menus and signs that use of-phrases, and ask about prices and relationships — all highly practical in daily life.
- When Do I Use The Genitive Case In Greek? – Talking Greece – Talking Greece: Directly addresses the genitive case in Modern Greek with practical examples of possession and noun relationships, making it the most relevant candidate for B1 learners despite its short duration.
Future Tense & Conditional Structures B1
Greek forms the future simply by placing the invariable particle θα in front of the verb. Θα with a perfective-stem verb gives the simple future (a single future event): θα πάω (I will go), θα φάμε (we will eat). Θα with an imperfective-stem verb gives the continuous future (an ongoing future state or habit): θα πηγαίνω (I will be going / I’ll go regularly). The same θα + imperfective combination creates the conditional: θα ήθελα έναν καφέ (I would like a coffee), θα μπορούσες να με βοηθήσεις; (Could you help me?). This makes Greek’s future and conditional far more streamlined than many European languages.
Because θα never changes, you can immediately build future sentences by putting θα before any present-tense form you already know — a huge shortcut. Pay special attention to θα ήθελα and θα μπορούσατε as polite formulae; they are the Greek equivalent of ‘I’d like’ and ‘could you’ and will make you sound considerably more natural in shops, restaurants, and requests. Controlling θα lets you make plans, offers, promises, and polite requests, rounding out your conversational toolkit for real-world interactions.
